Folding-machine.



P. R. GLASS.

FOLDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 20. 1913.

Patented Oct. 15, 1918.

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P. R. GLASS.

FOLDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 20. 1913.

Patented Oct. 15, 1918.

3' SHEETS-SHEET 2.

P. R. GLASS.

FOLDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 20. 1913.

Patented 0011.15, 1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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PER-LEY n. GLASS, or BROOKLIN'E, 'massncnosn'rrs, ASSIGNOB To 2. a; cuss com- PANY, or nosrom massacnusnrrs, A CORPORATION or MASSACHUSETTS.

FOLDING-MACHINE.

Patented mars, 1918.

Application .filed September 20, 1913. Serial No. 790,892." 7

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PERLEY citizen of the United States, residing at Brookline, in the county of Norfolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain Improvements in Folding-Machines, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like reference characters on the drawings indicating like parts in the several figures.

This invention relates to improvements in machines for folding the edges of sheet material and is herein illustrated in a machine intended for folding the edges of parts of boots and shoes. In work of this kind parts are often encountered having edges of short curvature, and heretofore this work has been handled with much difficulty by folding machines. One object of the present invention is to provide a machine whereby this class of work may be easily folded,

In my prior application Serial No. 725,- 381, which matured into Patent No. 1,270,- 753' on June 25, 1918, I have described a folding machine having mechanism constructed and arranged to plait the folded over margin when a convexly curved edge of the work is encountered. I have found, however, that the plaits formed by said mechanism are not invariably uniform in size with the result that the convex curve of the folded edge does not always correspond, as it should, to the curve of the edge before it was folded. Thus, instead of the smooth curve which the folded-edge should present a slightly uneven edge caused by irregular plaiting is occasionally produced.

An important feature of the present invention consists in the provision of means for plaiting the edge turned back so that the excess material will be distributed uniformly In one of its aspects, accordingly, the pres- =ent invention consists in the provision of a folding machine having improved means for plaiting the folded edge of sheet material. Another important feature of the inven;

tion consists in mounting all the instrumen- I talities which act upon the material in such a manner as to leave the work-table free and unobstructed at all pointsexcept where the work is being actually operated upon. This R. GLAss, a

throughout the extentv of the curve.

permits work of various irregular shapes to be swung into all desired positions so that the edge being folded may be presented in the most favorable manner to the instrumentalities of the machine.

In folding sheet material it is of great importance that the edge shall not be stretched in the process as otherwise the finished work will assume a wavy character. In this connection an important feature of the present invention consists in supporting in an inclined manner that portion of the material adjacent to the point at which the folding instrumentalities are operating. By this expedient the rearmost point onthe margin of the folded edge and the foremost point on the margin of the unfolded edge relatively to the direction of feed are brought closer together than if the work were supported flatly and the material between these two points is eliminated and the formation of plaits facilitated. p

These and other features; of the invention .will be best understood and appreciated F Figurel 1s a view of the machine in side elevation;

Fig. 2 is a view in perspectlve of the mechanism for actuating the snipping kmfe so the tendency to stretching of and mechanism for actuating the work sup 4 port, together with their associated parts;

Fig. 3 is a view in front elevation of the folding instrumentalities;

Fig. 4 is a view in perspective showing one side of the hammer;

Fig. 5 is a view in perspective showing the folder and its actuating mechanism;

- Figs. 6 and 7 illustrate the hammer and its actuating mechanism, Fig. 6 showing also part of the feeding mechanism;

Figs. 8 to 11 are views in perspective showing the folding instrumentalities in different positions which they occupy, and

Figs. 12 and 13 are detail views showing the relation of the feeding mechanism to the mechanism for rendering the snipping knife operative or inoperative.

The machine has a base 4 to which is pivoteda frame or casing :2 having cast therethe in bearings for the main driving shaft tl. The shaft 6 carries at one end a belt'pulley I or beneath the work table at'a point 7 site the end of the arm. 1

strumentalities by a plow 30f adjustably secured in a slotin the work table 12. The

- 8 by clutch lever 10 is pivoted'to the base 4 and 3 arranged to control the operation of the machine through a treadle, not shown. To the upper part of the casing 2 is secured-a which the'machine' is driven, and: a

work table 12 havinga rearwardly'projecting portion from which extends an overhanging arm 13. 'The various instrumen talities of the machine are mounted upon the extreme end of the overhanging arm 13 The work is directed to the folding inplow has a verticalslot in its upper edge to je'ct'ion 38 on the bottom of the gage 32 as receive theend of a pivoted gage 32 which determines the width of the folded margin byengag'ing the'partially upturnededge of the material as it is fed past the plow. The gage 32 is pivoted on a-s'tud'34 set in a block 35 adjustably secured to a vertical bar 36 which, in turn, is adjustably fitted the i end of the arm 13;" It 'will beunderstood 'purposeof effecting minor variations in this respect there is provided an adjusting screw 37 which passes through the rear side of the block 35 and bears against a lateral-proshown in Fig. 8. By turning this screw into the block 35 the gaging end of themember 32 is held in a more elevated position. A

leaf spring 39 is secured to the block 35.

and arranged to hold the operative end of the age down and consequently to hold the projection 38 against the lower; end of the screw 37. 1

It has been stated that the block 35 is adjustably secured to the bar 36. To this end the bar 36 is provided with a horizontally extending slot through .which extends a clampingscrew (see Fig; 8)' into nnk 35, une' urnose of this adillstp) ment is to provide still further opportunity for adjusting the gage 32. It will be seen,

therefore, that the position of the gage 32 may be adjusted by four independent means; first by changing the height of the plow 30; second, by turning. the screw 37; third, by moving the block- 35,,and fourth, by moving the bar'36 and so varying the verticalposition of the fulcrum stud 34. By reason of these provisions for adjustment it is posmenses the direction of the feed, is shaped to co-' operate with the snipping knife whenit is desired to slit the margin of the work. The snippingknife 40 is adjustably secured in the lower end of a bent lever 42 pivotally mounted ona stud 44 projecting from the end of the arm 13 at a point behind the bar '36. The snipping knife is oscillated about the stud 44 by a bent link 46 pivotally connected to the lever 42 near its elbow and connected at its lower end to one arm of a lever 48'. The lever 48 is mounted for pivotal movement. abouta journal stud 50 extending at right-angles to the driving shaft. 6. The lever 48 is fast to a sleeve 52 to which is als secured a bell crank lever 54 one end of wh'ch carries a ball 56 which projects into a yoke 58. Thev yoke 58 is formed as part of a bar 60 which is arranged for vertical reciprocation in the machine frame and is actuated by an eccentric 62 fast on the forward end of the shaft 6. The ball end 56 of the lever 54 is disposed between two cup members the upper of which isri idly set in the yoke 58 and the lowercof which, that designated by reference character 64. is loosely mounted in ,the lower side of the yoke. When the member 64 occupies its lowest position there is suliicient lost mo- .tion between it and the ball end 56 to perunit the snipping knife to remain at rest, and under these circumstances the sninnin c knife occupies the position shown in Fig. 1.

- that is, a position remote from the work.

' When it is desired to snip the edge of the work the cup member 64 is moved upwardly into engagement with the ball end 56 of the lever 54 and locked in this position; so. that thereafter the lever 54 will be oscillated as Y the yoke is reciprocated. To thisend the bar- 60 is providedwith a transverse guideway for a sliding cam bar 68 on the upper edge of which rides the member 64. The cam bar 68 is pivotally connected at its rear end relatively to the direction of feed to a bell crank lever 70 to which is also-connected a treadle rod 72 by which the position of the cam bar may be shifted and the snipping knife rendered operative or inoperative atwill.

The c'am bar is connected to the lever 70 4 spring locking pin 78 is mounted in the disk 74 and arranged to fit into one ,of two holes formed in a disk 71 rigidly secured to the end of the lever 70. By causing the pin 7 8 to enter one or the other of these holes the arm 76 may be locked in one of'twopositions,

that is, in a substantially horizontal positionas shown in Fig. 13, or in asubstantially l 1 there may be no danger of the movable knife being" crowded away from the stationary blade by a thick or tough piece of work a bearing is provided to back up the arm of the knife carrying lever 42. This bearing comprises a stud 41 carried by the bar 36 and having a threaded shank which enters a threaded socket in the end of an adjusting stud 43 by which the position of the bearing stud 41 may be adjusted.

In the rear of the snipping knife, relatively to the direction of feed, is disposed the folder 80. This member, as shown 1n Fig. 5, is guided for reciprocation in an oblique path in guideways formed in the machine frame. It comprises a straight. bar terminating in a finger with its end beveled on one side. It is connected through links 81, 82 and 83 to the'end of an oscillating cam lever 84. The lever 84 is pivotally mounted upon a shaft 9 located at one side of the machine frame in parallel relation with the main shaft 6 and is oscillated by an eccentric 16 fast to that shaft.

The folder 80 cooperates, in partially forming the fold, with a yieldingly mounted creaser 90 carried by the bar 36 at the end of the arm 13. The shank of the creaser is slidingly received in a vertical bore formed in the block 92 pivotally secured to the bar 36. A finger lever 94 is pivoted for movement about the axis of the block 92'and arranged to engage the shank of the creaser whereby the latter may be raised from the work if desired in a manner similar to that shown in British Patent No. 15,405 of 1912. In order to permit an unobstructed view of i the portion of the work'being operated upon the creaser is formed with a goose neck portion whichis provided at its lower end with a portion offset laterally and a creasing portion which is disposed opposite to the folder 80. At its rear edge, relatively tothe' direction of feed. the creaser is so shaped that the hammer which will be presently described may act in close proximity to it.

The work beneath the creaser rests upon asupporting block 100 having a lateral projection 101 as shown in Fig. 2 and a slot to receive a portion projecting from the anvil 104 which will be presently described. The supporting block 100 is formed on the end of a lever 106 having the handle 107 and being pivoted for movement about a journal shaft 108. Beside'the lever 106 and fastened to the rock shaft 108 by a screw 110 is a secondlarly to the cam lever 84, is pivotally mounted upon the shaft 9and oscillated by an eccentric 14 on the shaft 6. The lever 106 has two lateral projections located on opposite sides of the shaft 108, beneath one of which is located an extension of the hub of the lever 109 and beneath the other of which is located a spring plunger 103 carried b said lever 109. Consequently when the sha 108 is rocked the lever 106 is rocked to raise and lower the support 100, while at any time said support may be depressed by lifting the handle 107.

To the rear of the supporting block 100, relatively to the direction of feed, is located the anvil block 104 upon which the fold is pressed and completed by the hammer as will hereinafter appear. The work supporting surface of the anvil 104 is beveled obliquely toward the rear or back of the machine (the right-hand end as viewed in Fig. 1) and toward the supporting block 100. This construction of the anvil constitutes an important feature of the invention and contributes greatly to improve the operation ofthe machine by eliminating all tendency to stretch the work in the folding'and plaiting operation. The anvil cooperates with the hammer in feeding the work.

It has been found that in folding sheet material on a flat bed, owing to the fact that the foremost portion of the unfolded margin relatively to the direction of. feed is held upright and the rearmost portion of the folded margin is held flat upon the bed, an objectionable tension is exerted on the work between those two points. The effect of providing the .anvil' with an *inclined surface which cooperates with an inclined surface on the hammer is'to relieve this tension and prevent stretching. This relieving of the tension is advantageous not only on straight.

downwardlv toward the rear and also to-- ward the right.

Slidably mounted in ways formed in the machine frame, beneath the table '12, is a slide carrier 120 in which is mounted a journal shaft 122. The hammer 150' is mounted for oscillation about the shaft 122 and is also carried bodily transversely thereby in the feeding operation. The anvil block 10 1 is secured to the upper face of the slide carrier 120 beneath the hammer 150. The hammer 150 is oscillated through an actuator 152 pivotally mounted upon the shaft 122 and having projections extending on either side of the part of the hammer that extends below the shaft 122. In this portion of the hammer there is provided spring plunger153 which bears against one arm of the actuator and holds the lower portion of the'hammer back against a stop screw 154 set in the other arm of the actu- 7 engagement with the work is of a yielding character and that it will be permittedto yield against the compression of the plunger 153 when an excessively 'thickportion in the work is encountered. The actuator 152 has a forwardly projecting arm to which is pivoted a short link 156. This is-connected.

through the links 157 and 158 to the-upper fork of thecam lever 160 pivotally mounted on the shaft 9 and oscillated by an eccentric 18 on the shaft 6.

Transverse reciprocation of the slide carrier 120 together with the hammer 150 and anvil 104 is secured in the following manner. At its rear end relatively to the direction of feed the slide 120 has a pair of downwardly projecting ears 162 between which is received a block 164. The latter is pivotally secured to the vertical arm of a bell crank lever 166 pivotally mounted on a stud 168 set in the machine frame and connected. at its other end to a substantially vertical link 170. The link 170 is connected to a block 172 slidingly received in a curved slot formed in the body of a cam lever 174: pivotally mounted on the shaft 9. The cam lever 174 is oscillated by an eccentric 20 on the shaft 6. The extent of transverse reciprocation imparted to the slide carrier120 is determined by the position of the block 172 with respect tothe axis of the cam lever 174:. In other words, when the block 172 is moved toward the shaft 9 a shorter vibration is imparted to the bell era lever 166 and a correspondingly shorter reciprocation to the slide carrier 120 and the feeding members 104 and 150. The'block 172. is extended beyond the cam lever 17% and is engaged by the forks of a feed regulating lever-176 as shown in Fig. 12. This lever at its outer end extends through the casing, as shown in Fig. 1, and may be set in any adjusted position by the operator.- As shown, it occupies a position nearest of predetermined maximum feed'fdetermined by a pin 177. The position, of the lever for,

minimum feed is determined by an adjustable stop screw 178 threaded into a bracket secured to the machine frame above the end of the feed lever.

T hehammer 150 is provided in its upper surface with a slot in which is received a foot 180., herein shown as formed of spring sheet steel. The foot projects slightly beyond the end of the hammer and then transversely to a point above the lateral projection 101 on the anvil block 104:. At its extremeend the foot 180 is turned downwardly so that it will be the first part of the hammer to engage the work. On account of its shape the end-of the foot engages the work at a with a groove 181 which is slightly oblique but substantially transverse to the line of feed, as shown in Fig. 4, said groove being located in that portion of the operative face of the hammer which is nearer the folder.

The purpose of this groove is to insure that the work shall be evenly plaited when convexly curved portions of it are. being folded. 1n plaiting the worth there is, in addition to the usual fold, a-series of plaits which extend at an angle to the direction of the fold, such a plait in the processof formation being shown at 200 in Fig. 10. When, therefore, a hammer having a groove such as that shown in Fig. 4 is moved downwardly, since a space is formed for the reception ofthe plait, said plait is crowded into said groove, instead of being pushed back as was sometimes formerly the case, into the unfolded portion. The plaits are then laid uniformly A one over another in a forward direction.

With the parts in the position shown in Fig. 10 the work is held down by the toe of the creaser 90 only and can therefore be turned about a sharp curve as in the machine of my prior application. As shown, several plaits have been made and a loop or pucker 'has been raised beneath that portion of the hammer in which the groove 181 (see Fig. 4) is formed. Consequently, when the hammer descends the loopis received in this groove and standardized, so to speak, as to size. The hammer does not at th1s time press this loop-to form a plait but grips the material on both sides of it, at the same time pressing down a previously formed loop, and then in the feeding movement carries, this loop along into position t be pressed upon the next succeeding descent of the hammer. In th1s nae-1,555

,' shifted away from the axis of the shaft 9 nipulated to and the feeding movement of the machine. is correspondingly increased. And conversely, if the feed controlling lever is madecrease the rate of feed, the knife is thrown into operation. As has been explained, in theillus'trative machine the feed mechanism is normally in position to as to lock the arm 76 in its operative end of the foot 180.1

A by Fig.- 10 of the drawings.

produce the maximum feed and the knife is normally in inoperative position. However, if itis' desired to throw the snipping knife into or out of operation independently of the feeding mechanism the disk 74 is turned so horizontal position as shown in Fig. 13- where it is entirely out of range of the roller 77.

In operating the machine the supporting block 100 will be depressed by thehandle 107 and the work inserted until its edge comes opposite to the folder 80 and the creaser 90, the hammer 150 with the foot 180 being raised above the work. When the machine is set in operation through the clutch lever 10 the folder rises turning a portionof the margin'over'the edge of the creaser. The

located a suflicient distance in front of the creaser so as not to interfere with this operation, but in its subsequent downward movement the foot 180 engages the body portion of the work and advances it in its subsequent transverse movement. This arrangement of the foot is advantageous because it insures a prompt feeding movement of the work. Otherwise the operator would be obliged to advance the work past the I folder and creaser and into the range of the body of the hammer before any feeding movement would take place. The first oscillation of the hammer merely completes the fold by pressing the upturned portion of the mar 'n down upon the body portion of the material. As the work progresses along a curved edge the material 1s swung slightly with respect to the folding instrumentalities and the ensuing operations serve to plait the upturned ortlon of the edge in the manner suggested From this figure. it will be seen that the combined effectof the inclined anvil block with the creaser and folder is to form a slight loop between the upturned portiops of the margin and the part in which the fold is completed. When, therefore, the hammer descends, the groove in said hammer receives .this loop or bight,

pressing down, by faces of the anvil and hammer, is caused to grips the material on both sides of said loop'and feeds the loop forward upon the inclined bed, so that upon the next descent of the hammer this previously fed loop will be pressed down to form a plait; and this reason 'of the inclined take place in a forward direction relatively to the direction of feed so that each plait is laid properly to overlap the previous one.

Having thus described my invention, I

claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. A machine of the class described, having, in combination, a support over which sheet material is fed, means for folding the margin of the material overupon the body portion thereof, means for forming a succession of loops in the folded over margin, and means for pressing a loop down into place uponthe body portion of the material and at the same time preventing a subsequently formed loopfrom'bein straightened out.

2. Amac ine for fol ing the edges of sheet material having, in combination, a hammer for pressing the fold, loop-forming means,

and an inclined support for a portion of the edge adjacent to the loop formed by said means, said support being located to coople'ate with-the hammer in pressing the fo r 3. A machine of the class described, having, in combination, the work is fed, and feeding, folding and fold-pressing means including a hammer and an anvil constructed and arranged to press the fold in a position .at an angle to the body portion of the work.

4. A machine of the class described, having, in combination a support over which sheet material is fed, means for turning up the margin preparatory to pressing it down upon the body portion of the material and for forming a loop in the turned up margin hen a 'convexly curyed margin is encountered, and a pressing member shaped to preserve a given loop while the previously formed loop is being pressed into a plait.

5. A machine for folding the edges of sheet material having, in combination, loopforming means, and a hammer movable a support over which and an anvil having its face disposed obliquely to the body portion of the work.

7. A machine for folding the edges of sheet material having, in combination, workfeedingpedge-turning and fold-pressing dev ces includlng a hammer and arranged to ,to the body portion of the work. I

8. A machine for f' lding thev margln of i press'the completed fold in a position oblique sheet material having, in combinatiommeansf for progressively turning up the margin of a I piece of material; and means. for pressing said turned up margin down upon thebody of the material, said last named meansiincluding an anvil having a supporting face inclined obliquely toward the means for turning up the margin, and a hammer havinga complementally inclined cooperating face.

10. A machine of the class described, having, in combination, a work table, means for turning up {the margin of the work, an anvil having a face inclined upwardly from the table and adapted to support a portion of the body of the work, and means for pressing the upwardly turned margin down upon that portion of'the work which is supported by the inclined face of the anvil.

I 11. A machinefor folding the margin (if sheet material having, in combination, co:

operating devicesfor forming a loop in the margin of the material, and a'hammer and anvil for feeding thematerial and pressing the fold, one of said last named members being provided with a depression'to receive the' loops successively during the feeding operation.

12; A machine for folding-the margin of sheet material having in combination, a

creaser, and feeding, oldingand pressing v mechanism including a folder for up-turning ,c on the materialat a point in the rear of the portions of the edge about thercreaser, and a hammer having a projection arranged to act creaser relativelyto the edge of the material;

13.- A machine for folding the margin of sheet material having, in combination, a creaser held from-movement in the line of feed, a folder for turning, up the margin of I the material about the edge of the creaser, a

hammer for pressing the upturned margin down upon the body of the material, and a feed member arranged to contact with the. material at a point inside the folded margin and substantially in line with the operatlve portions of the folder and the creaser.

14. A machine of the class described having mechanism for slitting, mechanism for folding, and mechanism'for feeding apiece of material, in combfiiatign with means for connecting the slitting mechanism with the feeding mechanism in such manner that they may be controlled together and for disconaaeaeee meeting the two mechanisms in such manner that they maybe controlled separately;

ing mechanism for slitting, mechanism for folding, and mechanism for feeding a piece of material, in combination with a member adjustable into jone position to connectthe feeding mechanism with the slitting mech- 15. A machine of the classdescribed are.

anism and into another position to render said last two'mechanisms independent.

16. A machlne for progressively folding the margin ofs'heet material having, in combination, slitting mechanism,- .folding' mechanism, and feeding mechanism, a treadle movement of which varies the rate of actuation of the feeding mechanism, and a member movable into one position to connect said treadle'with the slitting mechanism and i into another position to-disconnect it therefrom whereby the slitting of the material 1 can be made dependent upon or independent of the feeding mechanism as desired. 7

" l7. A'machine of the class described, having, in combination, means for feeding a piece of material and for slitting and folding the margin thereof, means for varying the rate of feed, and means operating when v the rate of feed is decreased to render the I slitting, means operative." machine of the class described, having. 1n combination, feed mechanism normally operative toproduce a 'gi-ven speed movement, slitting mechanismnormally moperative, meansfor decreasing the rate offeed, and connections between the feed mechanism and the slitting mechanism such that decreasing the rate of feed renders the slittingmechanism operative." q 19. A machine of the class described,hav-

ing, in combination, means for feeding a piece of material, means for slitting and folding the margin thereof, means forvarying the rate of feed,-and means for connecting the slitting means with the feed varying means and for disconnecting it therefrom.

20. A machine'for foldingthe margin of sheet material having, in combination, a work. table, an overhanging'arm, folding devices mounted uponsaid table and arm at op'posite points, means for feeding the work over the table, a snipping knife movably mounted on the arm near the end thereof, and an actuating connection therefor ing through the table' 21. A machine for. sheet material having, in combination, a work table, an overhanging-arm, a creaser carried thereby, a snipping knife movably passfolding the margin of mounted on the arm near the end thereof Y and adjacent to the creaser, actuating mechanism therefor beneath the table, connections through the table. and meansfor'feeding the work over-the table. v

22. A machine forfoldingthe margin of extending substantially vertically i memes A facing the folded portion of the edge.

23. A macliine for folding the margin of sheet material having, in combination, a work table having an overhanging arm, a slide adjustably secured in position'at the end of the arm, a pivoted gage carried thereby,'and a gage supporting member secured to the table.

24. A folding mechanism comprising means for guiding, feeding and turning the edge of a flexible material; including an approximately horizontal work plate to support the material;.a fold-Presser block; and a foldpresser device for pressing the fold of the material upon its bodypart, the faces of said block and foldresser being positioned at an angle to the work-supporting plate when in operating position.

25. A folding mechanism comprising means for guiding, feeding, turning and pressing the edge of a flexible material, including a work-supporting plate and co-acting foldpresser members having fold-presser surfaces positioned at an angle to the worksupporting plate.

26. A folding mechanism comprising means for guiding, slitting and turning the edge of a flexible material combined with a worksupporting plate and members having feeding and fold-pressing surfaces positioned at an angle to the work-supporting plate.

:27. A folding mechanism comprlsingmeans for guiding, feeding and turning the edge of a flexible material, including a worksupporting plate; and members having foldpresser surfaces positioned at an angle to the work-supporting plate, one of said members being movable, the movable foldpresser surface having a slot in its face.

-' 28. A folding mechanism comprising means for guiding, feedin and turning the edge of a flexible materia including an approximately horizontal work-plate to support the material; a fold-presserblock; and a movable fold-presser device having a slot in its foldresser surface for pressing the fold of the material upon its body part, the pressing faces of the block and device both being positioned at an angle to the work-supporting plate when in operating position.

29. A machine for folding the margin of sheet material, having, in combination, means for progressively turning up the margin of a piece of material, and means for pressing said turned up margin down upon the body of the material. said lastnamed means including an anvil having an inclined supporting face.

30. A machine for folding 'the edges of sheet material having, in combination, edge folding means, means for forming a loop in a portion of the edge of the work and pressing it down on the body portion of the work in the form of a plait, and a support having a surface shaped to. bend a portion of the folded edge adjacent to the loop transversely to the plane of the body of the work.

31. A machine for folding the margin of sheet material having, in combination,

means for progressively turning up the margin of a piece of material, and means for pressing said turned up margin down upon the body of the material, said last-named means including an anvil having a supporting face inclined toward the rear of the machine.

32. A folding mechanism comprising an approximately horizontal work-plate, and means for feeding, guiding and turning the edge of flexible material including a foldpresser block and a fold-Presser device for pressing the fold of the material upon its body part, the faces of which are both positioned at an angle to the work-supporting plate when in operating position.

33. A folding mechanism comprising means for guiding, feeding and turning the edge of a flexible material including a work-supporting plate and co-acting fold-presser movement but capable of being controlled to produce a different movement, slitting mechanism, folding mechanism, means for rendering the slitting mechanism operative or inoperative at will, and connections between the slitting mechanism and the feed mechanism such that rendering the slitting mechanism inoperative increases the rate of feed.

36. A machine for folding the margin of sheet material over upon the body portion thereof having, in combination, means for feeding the material and a folder and a hammen past which the material is fed, said hammer having in its operative face a groove extending substantially transverse to the line of feed.

37. A machine for folding the marginof sheet material over upon the body portion thereof having, in combinatlon means for 1 0 feeding fliimaiiei'iai and; a folder and ahamname to this specification ii tiie 'pre;

sense of mar past .WhlCh the material is fed, said 5 groqve extemiing substantially transversq Witnesses:

two subscribing witnesses. hamn neihaving cut'in that portion of its operatlve face which is nearer the folder a to the line of feed.

..F W. Gmgqm In testlmony whereof I have signed my NORMAN C. HUssE-Y; i

' PERLEY RGLASSM V 

